PLURAL FORM OF NOUN

名词复数专项练习


a. 规则复数

  1. 大部分名词 + S
    (1)在/p/,/k/,/t/,/f/等辅音之后读作/s/

Practice: Plural Form

map
book
boat
roof

(2)在/b/,/d/,/g/,/n/,/l/,/m/,/n/等辅音和元音之后读作/z/

Practice: Plural Form

nose
place
house
bridge
college
face

2、以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的名词加-es,读作/iz/

Practice: Plural Form

clasee
box
match
bush

特别注意:以-ch结尾的名词,若-ch发/k/音,则加-s

Practice: Plural Form

stomach
monarch

3、以-y结尾的名词

(1)“辅音字母+y”结尾,变-y为-i,再加-es

Practice: Plural Form

country
family
baby
lady

(2)“元音字母+y”结尾,直接加-s

Practice: Plural Form

play
boy
guy
donkey
monkey
key

4、以-o结尾的名词

(1)辅音字母+ -o+ -es

Practice: Plural Form

Negro
hero
tomato
veto

(2)辅音字母+ -o+ -s(一般为外来词或缩写词)

Practice: Plural Form

kilo
memo
piano
photo
kimono
dynamo
soprano
solo
tobacco
bamboo
cuckoo
radio
zoo

5、以-f或-fe结尾的名词

(1)多数词尾直接加-s,读作/s/

Practice: Plural Form

chief
belif
cliff
proof
reef
roof
safe

(2)变-f或-fe为-v,再加-es,读作/vz/

常见的有12个:“树叶半数落牛上,妻子拿刀去割粮,架子自己窜出狼,贼偷面包逃命忙”

Practice: Plural Form

leaf
half
calf
wife
knife
shelf
self
thief
loaf

b. 不规则复数

1、通过内部元音变换等方式构成

(1)变-a-为-e-

Practice: Plural Form

man
woman

(2)变-oo-为-ee-

Practice: Plural Form

foot
goose
tooth

(3)变-ouse为-ice

Practice: Plural Form

mouse
louse

(4)词尾加-(r)en

Practice: Plural Form

ox
child

c. 复合名词

  1. 带破折号的复合名词
    当复合名词用连字符连接时,在中心词后面加“s”

Practice: Plural Form

brother-in-law
passer-by
water-bottle
love-in (爱情聚会)

  1. 多个单词复合名词
    当一个复合名词由两个或两个以上的词组成时,在中心词后面加上“s”

Practice: Plural Form

Knight Templar (圣殿骑士)
bus stop
full moon

  1. 不带中心词的复合名词
    如果复合名词中没有中心词,遵循一般的名词复数变化规则,通常是在词尾加上“s”

Practice: Plural Form

forget-me-not (勿忘我)
court-martial (举行审判)

  1. 单个名词的复合名词
    当复合名词是一个单字时,遵循一般的名词复数变化规则

Practice: Plural Form

breakwater (防波堤)
rainforest (雨林)
seagrass (海草)

  1. OF类型名词
    在“单词A + of + 单词B“结构中,单词A通常是中心词,因此此结构的复数变化规则是单词 A 的复数变化规则

Practice: Plural Form

cup of tea
man of war (战士)
right of passage (通行权)

  1. FUL类型复合名词

当一个复合名词以“ful”的结尾出现时,最保险的做法是在结尾加一个“s”来形成复数形式

Practice: Plural Form

bucketful (一桶之量)
cupful (一杯之量)
mouthful (一口)
spoonful (一勺)

  1. 名词 + 介词
    当一个复合名词由名词加介词组合成时,其复数变化规则是名词做相应的变化

Practice: Plural Form

passer-by (过路人)
hanger-on (攀附权贵者)

  1. 动词 + 介词
    当一个复合名词由动词加介词组合成时,其复数形式是在句尾加”s“

Practice: Plural Form

check-in (登记)
build-up (准备)
take-out (外带)
love-in (爱情聚会)

d. 单复同型

  1. 专用名词

Practice: Plural Form

the Alps
the Great Lakes
the Himalayas

  1. 集体名词

Practice: Plural Form

glasses
clippers
scissors
jeans
pajamas
trousers
shorts

people
police
cattle
militia (民兵)
poultry (家禽)
vermin (害虫)

the+形容词”表示一类人的复数名词

Practice: Fill in the blank

The rich __ becoming richer.

  1. 单复同型

(1)动物名称

sheep

(2)国籍名称

Practice: Plural Form

Japanese
Portuguese
Swiss
British

(3)craft(船舶)及其合成词

Practice: Plural Form

aircraft
spacecraft

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